Hollow auger.



No. 662,683. Patented Nov. 27, 1900,

A. A. woon.

HOLLOW AUGER.

(Application filed Nov. 6, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

JW' M HTTORNEY.

Patented Nov. 27, I900. A. A. WOOD.

HOLLOW AUGER. (Application filed Nov. 6, 1899.)

2 Sheets--Shaat 2.

(No Model.)

INVENTO ATTORNEY.

UNITED STTES tries.

ALBERT A. WOOD, OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

HOLLOW AUGER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 662,683, dated November 27, 1900.

Application filed November 6, 1899. Serial No. 735.926. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT A. WOOD, a citi ting tenons, for instance, such as are usually out upon the outer ends of wheel-spokes to enter the felly, the object of the invention being to provide a device of this class which will cut smoothly large and small tenons with t equal facility and will be easily and accurately adjustable in all desirable parts and be strong and durable.

To these ends the invention consists of the device hereinafter fully specified and claimed.

The invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of the device, and Fig. 2 is a face View thereof. Both of these figures show the device fully assembled, the remaining figures showing same in detail. Fig. 3 is a back view of the shank-piece Fig. 4 is a side view thereof, and Fig. 5 is a top view or plan thereof. end of the headpiece. Fig. 7 is a side view thereof. Fig. 8 is a view of the other end, and Fig. 9 is a bottom or back-side View there- Fig. 10 is a plan view of one of the jaw elements, which for distinction is termed the sash. Fig. ll is an edge view of the said sash, and Fig. 12 is an end view thereof. Fig. 13 is a fragmentary section on the line 13 13, Fig. 2, illustrating the construction and opera tion of the knife-adjusting elements. Fig. 14. is a plan of the other jaw element, which for distinction is denominated the V-block. Fig. 15 is an inner end view of the same part. Fig. 16 is a plan view of the knife, and Fig. 17 is an edge view thereof. Fig. 18 is a plan view of the knife-shoe, and Fig. 19 is an edge view thereof.

In the figures like reference characters are Fig. 6 is a view of one uniformly employed in the designation of cor responding parts in all the views.

In general terms this auger consists of a shanlcpiece A and a head 1), connected by means of a plurality of rods or spindles a, one of which carries a swinging stop 0. The head B is provided with parallel guideways, and in these guideways slide the sash D and the V-block E upon the rotation of and due to the action of a rightand left hand threaded differential screw F, held constant. in its location relative tothe head B by means of a bifurcated strap 1), engaging a neck of the aforesaid screw. The pitch of both of the threaded portions of said screw lheing in proper relation, both of said jaw elementsnamely, the sash D and the V-block E--move in opposite directions in their guides at the proper speed, the former carrying on its end opposite the V-block E a knife G, suitably adjustable to cut a thin or thick chip, as would he required for cutting, respectively, large or small tenons, and to compensate for loss in sharpening. All of these parts will be fully understood upon reference to the detail drawings, Figs. 3 to 19, inclusive.

The shank-piece A is provided. with a squared portion a to fit the socket of an ordinary bit'brace or a suitable holder, while it has a plurality of arms a extending therefrom, their ends bearing hubs a axially parallel to the shank a and in the desired arrangementto receive the rods or spindles a. For a purpose of permitting extreme retraction of the stop 0, as hereinafter to be described, a concavity is formed in the inner side of this shank-piece, as shown at a in Fig. 3. In practice these shank-pieces are made of steel castings and integral; but should a less strong metal be used the shank proper may be made separately from the part carryin'g the arms a and be suitably secured there to.

The headpiece B (shown in Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive) is centrally apertured, as shown in Figs. 2, 8, and 9, to permit the passage of the tenon and has flanges 6 extending from its face, being inwardly turned at their outer edges, whereby on their inner faces and the correlative face of the headpiece grooved guideways are formed. The part b of this headpiece is curved downwardly, as best shown in Fig. 6, for clearance of chips, and a similar semicircular depression is formed at b opposite for purpose of clearing the screw end of the sash. Suitable lugs 19 are provided to receive the correlative ends of the rods 00, and the segments of a circular flange extend between said lugs, projecting substantially parallel to their axes around the central opening in the main head, on the back of said head. By this the said lugs are incorporated in said flanges and become complementary. On one end of the head is a lug Z2 adapted to receive the screw which serves to secure the strap b in place.

Asshown in Figs. 10, 11, and 12, the sash D consists of a rectangular frame provided with side bars d, adapted to fit but not fill the guideways in the headpiece and carrying upon their opposite ends means for the attachment and the adjustment of the knife and an enlarged portion cl, adapted to be drilled and tapped for the screw F, respectively. A lug d is formed in the side of the said enlarged portion d to receive the thumbscrew d which, through the intervention of asoft-metal shoe d (shown in Fig. 2 by broken lines,) serves to hold the set-screw F in any desired position. The opposite end of the sash D has a recess d Fig. 10, lying at such an angle to the plane of the said sash as will present the sharpened end of the knife G to the work. It is found by experiment that the edge of the knife should stand otherwise at about thirty degrees to the radius of the tenon, so that a shearing cut is given. The bottom of this recess d is preferably substantially fiat except at the bottom end, whereat is a bevel 61 which forms an angle or rib d parallel to the edge of the knife when in place and also substantially parallel to the corner (i Fig. 10, which forms a side of the throat under the edge of the knife. The exact function of this angle or rib will be clearly set forth after the description of some complementary parts. A chip-clearing slot or throat is provided, as shown at (1 Fig. 10, which preferably opens, as shown in said figure, through the convex V-shaped face or jaw proper into the central aperture of the sash between the bearingsurface c1 and the clearing-lip d which form one of the three locating bearings of the jaws on the tenon, and the opening between which prevents chips from sticking to the circumference of the tenon and becoming involved with the jaws. Three threaded screw-holes are made through the bottom of the reces (1 one substantially centering upon this angle or rib d and the other two (the three being substantially in line) being nearer the throat C1 The knife G is formed as shown in Figs. 2, l6, and 17 and is provided witha slot and has its end beveled at an angle to its length, the corner being removed, as shown at g, so as to break off the chips from and project no cutting edge into the cylindrical surface of the tenon. The movement of the sash in the headpiece moves the corner g of the knife along a line radial to the center of the tenon, (or anger center,) whereby said corner is always in properrelation to the tenon. The plate g, Figs. 13, 18, and 19, is a shoe which fits under the knife G and forms a bearing for said knife upon the bottom of the recess 61 the screws g and g passing downwardly through it and the screw 9 passing upwardly through the sash and bearing against the lower side of this said shoe, a lip g on the said shoe preventing chips from entering the recess under the shoe and so interfering with its adjustment. The said shoe g performs the triple function of stiffening the knife, providing a bearing for the screw y when the knife shall be worn so much as to bring the end of the slot therein over, the said screw, and forming a reliable bearing for the knife against the rib CF.

I will now proceed to describe the knife adjustment hereinbefore mentioned, premising, however, that it is necessary to so adjust this knife that it will cut a thick chip and work fast in cutting small tenons and will cut a thin chip in cutting large tenons, whereby the power to out said large tenons will be reduced to about a parity with that required for the small tenons. A longitudinal movement of the knife to adjustit for cutting thick or thin chips obviously renders the work imperfect in an adjustable anger at one adjust.- ment or the other, as the knife-corner would project beyond or lie short of the proper relation to the corresponding bearing-point of the jaw. The knife in my device is adjusted along an almost imperceptibly curved are at approximately a right angle to the plane of the knife, the radius of which are is the distance from the fulcrunial rib d to the edge of the knife. The shoe 9, carrying the knife, bears its back end upon this said fulcrumal rib d against which it is held firmly and constantly by the screw g, while the screws g and g serve to raise and lower the cutting edge of the knife, swinging it to and from the face of the jaws upon this said fulcrum. It will be seen that the knife may be thus adjusted without affecting its longitudinal position, and hence the diameter of the tenon or the distance between the opposing jaw and the cutting edge of the knife will remain the same,which insures that the tenon will always be cut clean and smooth and of a reliable diameter, notwithstanding the adjustment under consideration. As before stated, this fulcruinal rib d is parallel to the edge of the knife G when same is in position thereon, by reason of which the knife-edge is always parallel to the face of the auger, and so cuts the shoulder of the tenon perfectly at a right an gle to the axis thereof.

E is the jaw element, which I have hereinbefore denominated the V-block, for which see Figs. 2, l4, and 15. This \l-block E is provided with parallel edges 6 of suffieient distance apart and suitable shape to lie between the inner surface of the side bars (l and the sash D and with su'fficient clearance to turn on its axis on the screw F in assembling and of sufficient thickness to fit between the projecting edges of the guide-flanges 7) inside of the said sash, so that when this said V-block is in place itlies between the side bars d of the sash and in contact with the parallel sides of said guideway in the head B, whereby it may slide and be guided independently of the said sash. It is provided with a' lug 6, into which fits one bf the screwthreaded ends of the setscrew F, while its opposite end is faced in V shape, so as to form two of the requisite three bearing-points of the jaws upon the tenon. The arrangement of the double-threaded screw has been hereinbefore described and will be readily understood upon a reference to Figs. 1 and 2, the screwthreads being preferably of such relative pitch as will set the jaws so as to work centrally, taking into consideration the fact that the smaller the tenon the deeper it will go into the concave V-shaped face of the V- block.

0, Figs. 1 and 2, is the stop,whicl1 is adapted to clamp and be adjustable upon one of the rods (1 and to be turned out of the way when not in use, being provided with lugs c and c, the former adapted to enter the central opening in the head B and form a gage for the length of the tenon and extend very close to the back side of the jaws, or where an extremely long tenon is desired shorter than the entire length between the face of the jaws and the recess a in the shank-piece this said stop 0 may be reversed, so that the lug 0 will project toward the shank'piece and, if desired, enter the said recess a and the lug 0 project toward the headpiece and permit such close proximity of the stop and shankpiece. This also provides for an adequate engagement of the stop with its bar. If it is desired to cut a longer tenon than is thus provided for, the stop may be turned out of the way by partially rotating it on the rod a.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a hollow auger, a shank-piece comprising a shank proper and divergent arms, a headpiece provided with parallel guides and perforated centrally of said guides, a flange projecting backwardly of said head around said perforation and parallel lugs included in said flange, spindles set in the said lugs in the back of said headpiece and secured in the free ends of the arms of the shankpiece, and jaws slidably mounted in said guides.

2. In a hollow auger, a headpiece carrying jaws and cutting mechanism, a shank-piece and spindles, one of which is cylindrical, join.- ing said head and shank pieces, and a stoparm clamped upon said cylindrical spindle and adapted to swing on its axis out of and into operative relation with the jaws.

2-3. In a hollow anger, a headpiece carrying jaws and cutting mechanism, a shank-piece and spindles one of which is cylindrical, joining said head and shank pieces, and a stoparm clamped upon said cylindrical spindle and adapted to swing on its axis out of and into operative relation to the jaws and a lug projecting parallel to said axis from one side of the free end of said stop-arm.

4. In a hollow auger, a headpiece carrying jaws and cutting mechanism, a shank-piece and spindles one of which is cylindrical, joining said head and shank pieces, and a stoparm clamped upon said cylindrical spindle and adapted to swing on its axis out of and into operative relation to the jaws, said stoparm consisting of an arm having on one end a split clamping-hub projecting in one direction from one end of said arm and a stop-lug projecting from the opposite side of the other end of said arm.

5. In a hollow auger a body having parallel inwardly-facing guides formed on the base thereof, a sash adapted to slide in said guides but not fill same, a \l-block mounted between the side bars-of said sash and the projecting lips of the guides and adapted to slide therein and a right and left hand threaded screw engaging said sash and \/-block and located constant relative to the guides and a knife carried on said sash.

6. In a hollow auger, a head or body, in-

wardly-facing channeled guides therein, a sash carrying on one end a \l-faced jaw and having parallel side bars lying in but not filling said channeled guides, a cross-bar joining the ends of said side bars opposite said jaw, a concave V-faced jaw-block slidably mounted between the side bars of said sash and having its ends projecting between the overhanging lips of said channeled guides and a right and left hand threaded screw located constant relative to said frame and passing through and engaging the said \l-faced concave jaw and the cross-bar of said sash, and a cutting-knife in operative relation to said jaws.

'7. In a hollow auger, a jaw and a knife-recess therein, a projection upwardly from the bottom of said recess extending laterally thereof near its back end, a knife having a cutting edge at substantially the same angle to its edges as said projection is to the edges of said recess, and means for tilting said knife on said projection and securing it.

8. In a hollow auger, a jaw having a kniferecess, a rib extending laterally of said recess near its back end, a knife provided with a slot extending longitudinally,a screw adapted to pass through said slot and into said rib, a screw adapted to pass through saidslot and into the bottom metal of said recess, and a screw passing upwardly through said bottom metal and adapted to bear on the lower side of said knife.

9. In a hollow auger, a jaw having akniferecess, inclined and lying edgewise angularly to the frame, a rib extending laterally and angularly of said recess near its back end, a knife provided with a slot extending longitudinally and a cutting edge at the same angle to said slot as said rib is to said recess, a screw adapted to pass through said slot and into said rib, a screw adapted to pass through said slot and into the bottom metal of said recess, and a screw passing upwardly through said bottom metal and adapted to bear on the lower side of said knife.

10. In a hollow auger, a jaw having a kniferecess, a rib extending laterally along the bottom of said recess near one of its ends, a chip-clearing throat opening downwardly at the other of its ends, a shoe adapted to lie in said knife-recess and rest one of its ends on said rib and being downtnrned on its other end and entering said chipclearing slot in contact with the contiguous border metal thereof, a knife adapted to lie in said recess upon said shoe, and means for tilting said shoe and knife upon said rib and securing same.

11. Inahollow auger, a jaw having a kniferecess, a rib extending laterally of said recess near its back end, a knife provided with a slot extending longitudinally, a shoe adapted to lie between said knife and the rib and bottom of said recess, a screw adapted to pass through said slot and shoe and into said rib, a screw adapted to pass through said slot and shoe and into the bottom metal of said recess, and a screw passing upwardly through said bottom metal and adapted to bear on the lower side of said shoe.

12. In a hollow auger, a jaw having a kniferecess, a rib extending laterally along the bottom of said recess, near one of its ends, a

chip-clearing throat opening downwardly at the other of its ends, a shoe adapted to lie in said knife-recess and rest one of its ends on said rib and being downtnrned on its other end and entering said chip-clearing slot in contact with the contiguous border metal thereof, a longitudinally-slotted knife adapted to lie in said recess upon said shoe, a screw adapted to pass through said slot and shoe and into the bottom metal of said recess, and a screw passing upwardly through said bottom metal and bearing upon the under side of said shoe.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT A. WOOD.

Witnesses:

A. P. W001), EDWD. P. WOOD. 

